Electrical propulsion supports maritime decarbonisation by using batteries, shore power, and hybrid systems. Vessels can operate emission-free in port, cut fuel consumption, and lower costs at sea to better align with regulations. These systems also reduce vibrations onboard and lower underwater-radiated noise.
Efficient, adaptable solutions are available to enhance manoeuverability and prepare vessels for new regulations and fuels. The solutions are wholly compatible with zero-emissions operations. Modular configurations allow easy integration of batteries, fuel cells and shore power, in setups that optimise space and lower maintenance costs.
Reduce shipping emissions
“I firmly believe that the maritime industry is at an exciting crossroads on its journey toward a cleaner future,” says Palemia Field, Global Segment Manager - Ferries, ABB Marine & Ports, adding “Electrification, digitalisation, and alternative fuels offer a promising and practical way to reduce shipping emissions, especially for ferries and short-sea routes.”
Factors driving maritime electrification
Uncertainty about the costs and supply of alternative fuels is speeding up the move toward electrification
Strategic flexibility is a key factor driving electrification. Uncertainty about the costs and supply of alternative fuels is speeding up the move toward electrification.
Electric propulsion systems offer fuel flexibility by allowing vessels to run on grid electricity, batteries, or future fuels as they become available. This adaptability lowers exposure to volatile fuel markets and regulatory risks.
Operators can invest in electric-ready ships now, confident that they can add new energy sources later. As alternative fuels like hydrogen and e-fuels develop, electric propulsion offers a future-proof foundation, ensuring compliance and operational resilience no matter which fuel pathway becomes dominant.
ABB Marine & Ports’ Maritime Electrification Portfolio
ABB Marine & Ports offers a comprehensive portfolio for maritime electrification, including Azipod® electric propulsion, Onboard DC Grid™, energy storage systems, shore power and charging solutions, and advanced automation platforms like ABB Ability™ 800xA and PEMS™ power and energy management system.
The portfolio supports hybrid and fully electric vessels, integrating batteries, fuel cells, and digital services for optimal performance and lifecycle value. ABB’s solutions are proven across ferries, RoPax, cruise, and offshore segments, enabling operators to meet decarbonisation targets, improve efficiency, and ensure regulatory compliance. Lifecycle services, remote diagnostics, and cybersecurity complete the offering for safe, sustainable operations.
ABB Marine & Ports works closely with operators
ABB Marine & Ports works closely with operators, ports, and shipyards to create solutions that are almost future-proof, meeting environmental, operational, and commercial goals.
“Every day, my colleagues support clients with their global experience, local assistance, and comprehensive services,” says Palemia Field, adding “This means that everything we do – whether a retrofit or new build – is powered by the latest technology and best practices.”
The reality of electrification today
The Maid of the Mist boats at Niagara Falls run on hydroelectricity, eliminating diesel emissions and vibrations
There are meaningful steps happening in the industry toward maritime decarbonisation, and electrification is among the tools.
For example, ferry company Øresundslinjen retrofitted two ships to operate fully electrically, lowering emissions and costs with ABB industrial robots managing the challenging shore charging connections several times an hour to the Swedish and Danish power grids.
In the English Channel, P&O Ferries' recently delivered Fusion-class vessels (which are the world’s biggest double-ended ferries), which use diesel-electric hybrids to reduce emissions by 40% and prepare for future zero-emission operations with shore power. In the US, the Maid of the Mist boats at Niagara Falls run hydroelectricity, eliminating diesel emissions and vibrations.
Benefits for shore environments
There are benefits of electrification to shore environments. Electrification immediately benefits ports by enabling zero-emission operations, lowering air pollution, noise, and vibration. Shore power and high-capacity charging allow docked vessels to shut off diesel generators, improving local air quality.
Regulatory requirements like the EU’s AFIR and California’s At-Berth rule are accelerating adoption. For some ports, shore power may become mandatory, through mechanisms, such as FuelEU Maritime.
Whether or not this is the case, port investments in shore power encourage fleet electrification and speed up the adoption of cleaner maritime operations, provided the switch is economically viable for ship owners and charterers.
Integrating new energy sources
Modern electric propulsion systems are inherently digital, enabling advanced automation, remote monitoring
Furthermore, electrification and digitalisation go hand in hand. Modern electric propulsion systems are inherently digital, enabling advanced automation, remote monitoring, and data-driven optimisation.
ABB’s integrated platforms, such as the ABB Ability™ 800xA Distributed Control System and PEMS™ power and energy management system, allow seamless management of power flows, energy storage, and propulsion.
This integration supports predictive maintenance, energy efficiency, and compliance reporting, while reducing crew workload and operational risk. The digital backbone also facilitates future upgrades, such as integrating new energy sources or autonomous navigation features, ensuring vessels remain at the forefront of technology throughout their lifecycle.
How operators can embrace electrification
To embrace electrification, operators should begin by assessing their fleet’s operational profile and regulatory exposure, pinpointing the routes and vessels most suitable for electrification. Engaging with technology partners early allows for customised solutions, from hybrid retrofits to new builds with modular electric architectures.
Important steps toward electrification include evaluating shore power options, sizing batteries, and integration with existing systems. Financial planning should address both capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operating expenditures (OPEX), including fuel savings, emissions compliance, and potential incentives.
Collaborating with ports, utilities, and classification societies helps ensure smooth project implementation. Pilot projects and phased rollouts reduce investment risks and help develop internal expertise for larger-scale adoption.
Advantages of cross-sector collaboration
Cross-sector alliance helps standardisation and safety, with charging protocols for electric vehicles
Electrification advances in other industries can accelerate innovation in the maritime realm, drawing on economies of scale and wider R&D to share in the development of technologies, such as high-efficiency batteries, power electronics, and digital control systems. Maritime industries use these to improve energy density, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.
Cross-sector collaboration promotes standardisation and safety, with charging protocols for electric vehicles now adapted for ferries and mining, such as the CharIN Megawatt Charging System. This transfer shortens development times, reduces costs and makes maritime electrification more accessible and reliable, while shrinking global supply chains to support local needs.
ABB actively engages with pioneering industry groups like CharIN, which is standardising high-power charging infrastructure, and OneSea, focused on advancing autonomous maritime operations. ABB’s involvement in these groups helps ensure that the company stays at the forefront of innovation and helps shape the standards that will define the industry’s future.
Growing interest in hydrogen fuel cells
Looking ahead, hydrogen fuel cells are a long-term solution for maritime. ABB joined a DFDS-led study exploring the development of a hydrogen-powered RoPax vessel by 2027. Although the consortium presented the project for EU funding, it was not supported.
Still, initiatives like the Flagships project and other ABB marine fuel cell pilots continue to demonstrate hydrogen technology’s viability for inland and short-sea shipping. Hydrogen fuel cells may not be a universal solution for the entire maritime sector due to storage and handling challenges, but significant progress and growing industry interest have been evident at recent conferences and customer workshops.
